Primary Sources
Anderson, Jack. "Lawsuit Forces CIA Confession On MKULTRA." Washington Post, August 28, 1982. Bradley, Ed. MK-ULTRA/ Mind Control Experiments.
This source is an interview that was a radio TV report. It talks about people's anger when their rights were violated. The interview talks about the horrible experiments that people were put through. It also discussed the extent of how far the experiments went and who was involved.
Bettman. Allen W.Dulles, director of the Central Intelligence Agency at an executive session of the Joint Congressional Atomic Energy Committee. The CIA's Appalling Human Experiments With Mind Control, History, www.history.com/mkultra-operation-midnight-climax-cia-lsd-experiments.
This shows one of the main people involved in the CIA and the experiments held, as he holds a session.
Bryn Mawr College. Patients presumably part of the Subproject 68 MKUltra experiments. Project MKUltra: CIA's Secret Brainwashing Experiments, The Collector, www.thecollector.com/project-mk-ultra-cia-secret-experiments/.
This shows human subjects being monitored in a hospital after being administered LSD drugs, paralytic drugs, and some even went through extreme electroconvulsive therapy.
CIA. CIA chemist Sidney Gottlieb headed up the agency's secret MK-ULTRA program, which was charged with developing a mind control drug that could be weaponized against enemies. The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief', npr, www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief.
This is a photo of one of the main people involved in MKUltra that had the idea to begin it.
Frank, Leonard Roy. "Electroshock: Death, Brain Damage, Memory Loss, and Brainwashing." The Journal of Mind and Behavior, vol. 11, no. 3/4, 1990, pp. 489–512. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43854103. Accessed 24 Sept. 2024.
This is an exercept from a book about the CIA's Project MKUltra that pulled from many sources to get its information. It explains the aftermath and how survivors tried to get justice. The story brings up specific experiments and what happened during them and the outcome. It also talks about people's traumas that they had to live with after.
From 1955, artist William Millarc takes part in an LSD experiment alleged to have been part of the MK-ULTRA program. 1955. C.I.A. mind control experiments and the man behind them, Whyy, whyy.org/episodes/c-i-a-mind-control-experiments-and-the-man-behind-them/.
This shows an LSD experiment taking place and it shows the test subject.
Gent, Edd. The Government Is Serious About Creating Mind-Controlled Weapons. 2019. Live Science, www.livescience.com/65546-darpa-mind-controlled-weapons.html.
This photo is on a website talking about government connection to mind control weapons.
Hall, Chris. "MKULTRA — A Conspiracy Theorist's Dream." SCOPE, https://www.scopeproject.org/mkultra.
This is an article from a website that has many historical stories. It talks about the violating experiments non-drug related that were surpisingly allowed at the time. It goes into detail explainingthe other experiments that were happening besides LSD. It explains briefly what made the experiments start and the CIA's motives with them.
Mount Olivet Cemetery. Frederick News article reporting on the death of Dr. Frank Olson. Project MKUltra: CIA's Secret Brainwashing Experiments, The Collector, www.thecollector.com/project-mk-ultra-cia-secret-experiments/.
This is a news article about the death of Frank Olson.
---. Portrait of US Army biochemist Dr. Frank Olson. Project MKUltra: CIA's Secret Brainwashing Experiments, The Collector, www.thecollector.com/project-mk-ultra-cia-secret-experiments/.
This shows a photo of a man that died as a result of MKUltra.
Orlico, Zal. "MKUltra/Mind Control Experiments." Interview by Ed Bradley. MKUltra/Mind Control Experiments, WDVM-TV CBS Network, 23 Dec. 1984, www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP88-01070R000301530003-5.pdf. Accessed 23 Sept. 2024.
Bradley discusses MKUltra with a survivor from it who talks about her experience with it and how she feels and how it affected her for the rest of her life which helps people who listen to feel for the people that were involved and understand how horrible it really was.
Shephard, Michelle. Victim of MKUltra. 21 Oct. 2020. CBC News, newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/brainwashed-mkultra/. Accessed 2 Jan. 2025.
This is a photo of a woman that was a victim of MKUltra and who got to speak out on her story. It also shows her with a child with emphasizes the impact on family.
U.S. Department of Defense. (n.d.). Release of declassified materials on nuclear, chemical, and biological warfare (02-A-0846).
This website is an official US document that highlights the important parts of MKUltra. It refers to how the US got involved showing how important of a historical event it was. It describes the different brances of the priject and what each part was for. Additionally, it shows specifics things that were used for the experiment and has them documented.
United States, Congress, Senate. Memorandum: Report of Inspection of MKULTRA. Publicintelligence.net, 26 July 1963, info.publicintelligence.net/CIA-MKULTRA-IG.pdf. Accessed 19 Oct. 2024.
This is an official US report document that reviews Project MKUltra. It connects to the theme of Rights and Responsibilities because it goes over the aftermath of MKUltra and the problems it caused. It describes key parts of MKUltra and what the experiments consisted of. Also, it talks about the problems and obstacles that the CIA went through to get their experiment to continue, as well as how that ended for them in terms of backlash.
---, ---, Senate. Senate Select Committee Request. Cia.gov, 12 Aug. 1975, www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP83-01042R000800010008-6.pdf. Accessed 19 Oct. 2024.
This source is an official US Senate document regarding a request about Project MKUltra. This is important and historically significant because this showed when the US got involved and addressed the dangers. It mostly focuses on the drug element of the experiments and explains how dangerous it was. It also talks about how medically, these were violations and there needed to be a change.
---, ---, Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research. Project MKUltra, the CIA's Program of Research in Behavioral Modification. Public Intelligence, 3 Aug. 1977, publicintelligence.net/ssci-mkultra-1977/. Accessed 6 Oct. 2024. 95th Congress, First session.
This document was from a US committee that overviewed the health concerns and scientific violations of Project MKUltra. It connects to the theme of rights and responsbilities because it is shows how the US got involved and what their response was to the public. This document gives an overview of what MKUltra was used for and general information about it. It also discusses how tragic it was and how quickly an innoncent experiment idea became dangerous and harmful to many people.
Wells, Christina E. "CIA v. SIMS: MOSAIC THEORY AND GOVERNMENT ATTITUDE." Administrative Law Review, vol. 58, no. 4, 2006, pp. 845–79. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40711890. Accessed 24 Sept. 2024.
This idea compares the CIA to the SIMS in the sense that MKUltra was a very dehumanizing experiment that made people seem like lab rats being controlled by powerful people that took advantage of people that didn't know any better.
Secondary Sources
Bettman. Doctors Harry Williams and Carl Pfeiffer conducting an LSD Experiment. The CIA's Appalling Human Experiments with Mind Control, History, www.history.com/mkultra-operation-midnight-climax-cia-lsd-experiments.
This photo shows the administration of LSD during an experiment from a doctor to a experiment subject.
"The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief.'" Interview by Stephen Kinzer. npr, edited by Terry Gross, 9 Sept. 2019, www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief?t=1633984682631&t=1634543631484. Accessed 20 Oct. 2024.
This is an article written based off of an interview that talked about the MKUltra leader. It goes into how important of an event this was and how it started in relation to history. It focuses on more of the origins of the experiments and how important events in history promoted this to happen. It also goes into the mind of Gottlieb and what his intentions with the experiments were.
Clark, Ed. A view of the old CIA building. The CIA's Appalling Human Experiments With Mind Control, History, www.history.com/mkultra-operation-midnight-climax-cia-lsd-experiments.
This photo shows the old CIA building where many discussions and decisions happened.
De Jong, Alex. "The True Story of MK-Ultra and the CIA Mad Scientist." Review of Poisoner in Chief: Sidney Gottlieb and the CIA Search for Mind Control. Poisoner in Chief: Sidney Gottlieb and the CIA Search for Mind Control, by De Jong. Jacobin, Jacobin.com, 2019, jacobin.com/2020/10/cia-brainwashing-program-mk-ultra-sidney-gottlieb. Accessed 6 Oct. 2024.
This review is giving an overview of the important parts of a book that was written by a certified author with relations to the US, about the experiments, and about the scientists behind it. There is a connection to human rights because it gets into the mind of a disturbing person that violated people in many ways. The review goes into detail about specific experiments, what they were, why they were important to the scientist and their goal. It also explains how the expderiments ended in regards to the people inolved and how they moved forward in life after.
Donaldson Collection. Gangster James "Whitey" Bulger's 1959 mugshot. 1959. The CIA's Appalling Human Experiments with Mind Control, History, www.history.com/mkultra-operation-midnight-climax-cia-lsd-experiments.
This is a mugshot of a subject that said he was injected with LSD which caused him to get into trouble and become harmful to others.
Hathaway, Berkshire. The Fundamental Elements of Informed Consent. 2019. MedPro Group, www.medpro.com/informed-consent-fundamentals-removed.
This shows a person recieving information before being involved in something, providing consent.
Linville, Tani M., "Project MKULTRA and the Search for Mind Control: Clandestine Use of LSD Within the CIA" (2016). History Capstone Research Papers. 6. https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/history_capstones/6
This was a review from a writer at a university, that used many primary sources such as US documents and interviews about MKUltra. It talks about how the experiments impacted people and what happened when MKUltra went public. It goes through the sequence of events in order, explaining them in detail and what expedriment was used for. It also talks about how unethical the experiments were and how people's rights were violated.
Oster, Patrick. project mkultra human drug experiments article Chicago Sun-Times newspaper article reporting on Project MKUltra goals and experiments by Patrick Oster. 1977. Project MKUltra: CIA's Secret Brainwashing Experiments, The Collector, www.thecollector.com/project-mk-ultra-cia-secret-experiments/.
This is a newspaper article that explains MKUltra's goals and experiments they planned to do.
Reviewed Work: The Trauma of Psychological Torture by Almerindo E. Ojeda Review by: J. Patrice McSherry Social Justice, Vol. 37, No. 2/3 (120-121), Imperial Obama: A Kinder, Gentler Empire? (2010-11), pp. 149-157 (9 pages)
This is a book that collected information from many key sources. The story talks about the disturbing experiments and what they did to people psychologically and even physically and how much of a violation they were. It describes less heard of experiments and why they were considered to be safe. This source also explains what the experiments were meant to find out and why they were ran.
Richardson, Lindsay. "'Their lives were ruined': Families of MK Ultra survivors planning class-action suit." CTV News, Lindsay Richardson, 20 May 2018, montreal.ctvnews.ca/their-lives-were-ruined-families-of-mk-ultra-survivors-planning-class-action-suit-1.3938447.
This article, which is based on a news report about the issue, talks about a specific instance involving a victim of Project MKUltra. This highlights the theme because it talks about a family that wanted to turn around the sue the CIA for what they did to the girl involved, and it discussed the rights they felt they were violated on. It talks about what experiment she was involved in and how she even got involved to begin with. Later, it explains the consequences for the girl being involved and how it affected her life as well as her family's life.
Risen, James. "Suit Planned over Death of Man C.I.A. Drugged." The New York Times, 26 Nov. 2012, www.nytimes.com/2012/11/27/us/family-of-frank-olson-man-drugged-by-cia-plans-suit.html. Accessed 19 Oct. 2024.
This is a New York Times article that was at a point put in papers when it was first written. This talks about the rights people felt they deserved after the death of a man involved in the experiments. The article talks about a famous man that died during the times of the MKUltra experiments, and he was also involved in them. The man's family wanted to sue and wanted an investigation to be done.
"U.S. Argues for Immunity in MK-ULTRA Mind-Control Case Before Quebec Court of Appeal." CTV News, 24 Mar. 2023, https://montreal.ctvnews.ca/u-s-argues-for-immunity-in-mk-ultra-mind-control-case-before-quebec-court-of-appeal-1.6336254. Accessed 20 Oct. 2024.
This is an overview of a news report of a lawsuit attempted by a family. This showed people's anger when the experiments were over and how they wanted justice. It talks about the experiments and what they were for and refers to a specific family that retaliated. A woman tries to sue the CIA in regards to her father that was apart of the experiments.
WENN. What is going on in the mysterious world of MKUltra? The secret LSD-fuelled CIA experiment that inspired Stranger Things, The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/shortcuts/2016/aug/15/netflix-stranger-things-project-mkultra.
This is a photo of a scene from "Stranger Things" which was thought to be based off of MKUltra.