foreignpolicy

International Success and Domestic Failure: The World’s First Female Prime Minister and the Changing of Sri Lanka’s Official Language

Foreign Policy

"Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon, with Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur, Trade Minister D B Ilangaratne and Indian Minister Swaran Singh." Getty Images. 1965.

Bandaranaike’s daughter, Sunethra Bandaranaike, took pride in Bandaranaike’s polite but stern manner throughout international debates. 

"26th Session of the United Nations General Assembly." United Nations. October. 1971.

Bandaranaike took leadership at the 1,962nd Plenary Meeting of the United Nations, debating that the Indian Ocean become a peace zone, free of nuclear weaponry and war. 

The main purpose of my address today is to place before this assembly a proposal which, if accepted, could make a positive and far-reaching contribution to the cause of peace. I propose that the Indian Ocean be declared a zone of peace. The item has been inscribed on the agenda of this session [item 98] as an important and urgent one. 18. The proposal is not a completely new one. The concept of a zone of peace is inherent in the concept of non-alignment, which requires that the land territories, air space and territorial waters of non-aligned States must be closed to great-Power conflicts and rivalries. - Sirimavo Bandaranaike, October 12, 1971

“Remarks by the Secretary-General at a Reception in Honour of the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka on 1 October 1971.” United Nations. October, 1971.

“Former Sri Lankan Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike with Former Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.”  Sri Lanka Daily News. 1962.

Bandaranaike created strong allyship with India. In 1964, Bandaranaike formed an agreement with Indian Prime minister Lal Bahadur Shastr to “repatriate” over 500,000 Tamils of Indian origin in Sri Lanka and grant citizenship to 300,000.

"Prime Ministers Sirimavo Bandaranaike and Lal Bahadur Shastri Sign the Historic Pact." Sunday Times. 1964.

"Mrs. Bandaranaike Visits India." Alamy Images. Oct 10, 1964. 

"Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon, with Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur, Trade Minister D B Ilangaratne and Indian Minister Swaran Singh." Getty Images. 1965.

This allyship led to future agreements like the 1987 Indo-Lanka Peace Agreement, which under Sri Lankan President Jayewardene, allowed Indian soldiers to attempt to disarm Tamil separatists during the Sri Lankan civil war, which started in 1983.

"Indo Sri Lanka Agreement." Tamil Nation. 1987.